Estimates of genetic parameters, path analysis and selection on vegetable sponge for agronomic traits

Abstract

The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and conduct association studies between traits of agro-industrial interest in 24 accessions of vegetable sponge (Luffa cylindrica L.) from seven Brazilian states in order to identify potentially promising genotypes to be introduced in crop breeding programs. The assessment covered nine traits related to the yield and quality of fruits and fibers of economic importance for the species. The presence of genetic variability and high mean heritability (0.70 - 0.99) are indicative of possible significant gains by applying phenotypic selection for traits of interest. A genetic gain of 42.79% was obtained for fiber production after selecting eight superior genotypes. The highest estimated correlations (r > 0.73) were between the traits related to fruit circumference and fiber thickness. Dry fiber weight and the number of fruits showed strong direct effects on fiber yield, but there were some undesirable indirect effects. Use of the selection index produced simultaneous gains in negatively correlated traits, offering a promising outlook for the development of vegetable sponge cultivars for use in agro-industry.